{"id":26994,"date":"2026-10-04T06:26:35","date_gmt":"2026-10-04T00:56:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/?page_id=26994"},"modified":"2026-10-04T06:30:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-04T01:00:13","slug":"%e0%ae%aa%e0%af%8a%e0%ae%a4%e0%af%81-%e0%ae%85%e0%ae%b1%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%b5%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%af%e0%ae%b2%e0%af%8d-%e0%ae%a4%e0%ae%ae%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%b4%e0%af%8d","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/%e0%ae%aa%e0%af%8a%e0%ae%a4%e0%af%81-%e0%ae%85%e0%ae%b1%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%b5%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%af%e0%ae%b2%e0%af%8d-%e0%ae%a4%e0%ae%ae%e0%ae%bf%e0%ae%b4%e0%af%8d\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0baa\u0bca\u0ba4\u0bc1 \u0b85\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0bb5\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u2013 \u0ba4\u0bae\u0bbf\u0bb4\u0bcd"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"26994\" class=\"elementor elementor-26994\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e1d4f41 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4e1d4f41\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4300aae5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4300aae5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">General Science \u2013 Study Materials, PYQs &amp; Practice<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51fb65cf e-n-tabs-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-tabs\" data-id=\"51fb65cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"nested-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs\" data-widget-number=\"1375430095\" aria-label=\"Tabs. Open items with Enter or Space, close with Escape and navigate using the Arrow keys.\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-heading\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300951\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300951\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab-index=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-13754300951\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tNature of Universe\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300952\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300952\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-13754300952\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tGeneral Scientific Laws\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button id=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300953\" data-tab-title-id=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300953\" class=\"e-n-tab-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab-index=\"3\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"e-n-tab-content-13754300953\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"e-n-tab-title-text\">\n\t\t\t\tMechanics\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-tabs-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-13754300951\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300951\" data-tab-index=\"1\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 1;\" class=\"e-active elementor-element elementor-element-2116a795 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2116a795\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46fc7c9f elementor-align-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"46fc7c9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/general-science\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read in English<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c333c28 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c333c28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Nature of Universe<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58122c88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58122c88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u0b87\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0b85\u0ba9\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 tables-\u0b90\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bc0\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf, \u0b95\u0bc0\u0bb4\u0bc7 mobile-friendly format-\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bc7\u0ba9\u0bcd. \u0b87\u0ba4\u0bc8 Elementor Text Editor-\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95 paste \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd.<\/p><p>Nature of the Universe<\/p><p>TNPSC General Science | Physics<\/p><p>1. What Is the Universe?<\/p><p>The Universe includes space, time, matter, energy, and everything they contain.<\/p><p>Stars, galaxies, planets, natural satellites, gases, and dust are all parts of the Universe.<\/p><p>&#8211; The Universe is approximately 13.8 billion years old.<br \/>&#8211; The Solar System is approximately 4.6 billion years old.<br \/>&#8211; The Universe continues to expand.<\/p><p>2. Big Bang Theory<\/p><p>The Big Bang Theory is the principal scientific theory explaining the early Universe and its subsequent evolution.<\/p><p>According to this theory, the Universe was initially in an extremely hot and dense state. As it expanded and cooled, particles, atoms, stars, and galaxies formed.<\/p><p>Remember: The Big Bang does not mean that an object exploded into an already existing empty space. It is associated with the expansion of space itself.<\/p><p>Evidence Supporting the Big Bang Theory<\/p><p>&#8211; Redshift observed in the light from distant galaxies.<br \/>&#8211; Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation.<br \/>&#8211; The abundance of light elements such as hydrogen and helium in the Universe.<\/p><p>3. Galaxies<\/p><p>A galaxy is an enormous collection of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter held together by gravity.<\/p><p>Main Types of Galaxies<\/p><p>&#8211; Spiral galaxy: Has spiral arms.<br \/>&#8211; Elliptical galaxy: Has an elliptical or nearly spherical shape.<br \/>&#8211; Irregular galaxy: Has no clearly defined regular shape.<\/p><p>Our Solar System is located in the Milky Way Galaxy.<\/p><p>The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy. The Sun lies in its Orion Spur.<\/p><p>4. Stars<\/p><p>Stars are celestial bodies that produce energy through nuclear fusion within their interiors and emit light and heat.<\/p><p>&#8211; Stars consist mainly of hydrogen and helium.<br \/>&#8211; In their cores, hydrogen nuclei fuse to form helium and release energy.<br \/>&#8211; This process is called nuclear fusion.<br \/>&#8211; The Sun is a star.<\/p><p>A star\u2019s colour is related to its surface temperature. Generally, blue stars are hotter than red stars.<\/p><p>Stars form within clouds of gas and dust. Their final stages depend on their mass.<\/p><p>&#8211; Stars like the Sun eventually become white dwarfs.<br \/>&#8211; Very massive stars may eventually form neutron stars or black holes.<\/p><p>5. Units Used to Measure Distances in Space<\/p><p>Since distances between celestial bodies are extremely large, special units are used to measure them.<\/p><p>Astronomical Unit<\/p><p>&#8211; Astronomical Unit (AU) is based on the average distance between Earth and the Sun.<br \/>&#8211; One AU is approximately 149.6 million kilometres.<\/p><p>Light-Year<\/p><p>&#8211; A light-year is the distance travelled by light in one year.<br \/>&#8211; One light-year is approximately 9.46 trillion kilometres.<\/p><p>Exam Point: A light-year is a unit of distance, not time.<\/p><p>The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately 300,000 kilometres per second.<\/p><p>6. The Solar System<\/p><p>The Solar System consists of the Sun and all the planets, dwarf planets, natural satellites, asteroids and comets that orbit under its gravitational influence.<\/p><p>Order of Planets from the Sun<\/p><p>Mercury \u2192 Venus \u2192 Earth \u2192 Mars \u2192 Jupiter \u2192 Saturn \u2192 Uranus \u2192 Neptune<\/p><p>The Solar System contains eight planets.<\/p><p>Classification of Planets<\/p><p>Terrestrial Planets<\/p><p>&#8211; Mercury<br \/>&#8211; Venus<br \/>&#8211; Earth<br \/>&#8211; Mars<br \/>&#8211; They have solid and rocky surfaces.<\/p><p>Gas Giants<\/p><p>&#8211; Jupiter<br \/>&#8211; Saturn<br \/>&#8211; They are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium.<\/p><p>Ice Giants<\/p><p>&#8211; Uranus<br \/>&#8211; Neptune<br \/>&#8211; They contain larger proportions of substances associated with water, ammonia and methane.<\/p><p>All four outer planets\u2014Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune\u2014have rings. Saturn\u2019s rings are the most clearly visible.<\/p><p>7. Important Features of the Planets<\/p><p>Mercury<\/p><p>&#8211; Closest planet to the Sun.<br \/>&#8211; Smallest of the eight planets.<\/p><p>Venus<\/p><p>&#8211; Has the highest average surface temperature.<br \/>&#8211; Its extreme heat is mainly caused by the greenhouse effect of its dense atmosphere.<br \/>&#8211; It is known as the Morning Star and Evening Star, although it is a planet.<\/p><p>Earth<\/p><p>&#8211; Third planet from the Sun.<br \/>&#8211; The only planet on which life has been confirmed.<\/p><p>Mars<\/p><p>&#8211; Appears red because of iron oxide on its surface.<br \/>&#8211; Known as the Red Planet.<\/p><p>Jupiter<\/p><p>&#8211; Largest planet in the Solar System.<\/p><p>Saturn<\/p><p>&#8211; Known for its prominent ring system.<\/p><p>Uranus<\/p><p>&#8211; Has an extreme axial tilt.<br \/>&#8211; It rotates as though it is rolling on its side.<\/p><p>Neptune<\/p><p>&#8211; Farthest of the eight planets from the Sun.<\/p><p>Exam Point: Mercury and Venus have no natural satellites.<\/p><p>8. The Sun<\/p><p>The Sun is the nearest star to Earth. Its gravity plays a major role in the movement of bodies within the Solar System.<\/p><p>&#8211; Main elements: Hydrogen and helium.<br \/>&#8211; Energy production: Nuclear fusion.<br \/>&#8211; Average distance from Earth: Approximately 150 million kilometres.<br \/>&#8211; Time taken for sunlight to reach Earth: Approximately 8 minutes and 20 seconds.<br \/>&#8211; Photosphere temperature: Approximately 5,500\u00b0C.<br \/>&#8211; Core temperature: Approximately 15 million\u00b0C.<\/p><p>Main Layers of the Sun\u2019s Atmosphere<\/p><p>&#8211; Photosphere: The visible surface of the Sun.<br \/>&#8211; Chromosphere: The layer located above the photosphere.<br \/>&#8211; Corona: The outermost atmospheric layer of the Sun.<\/p><p>Sunspots are regions that appear dark because they are cooler than the surrounding photosphere.<\/p><p>9. Earth\u2019s Rotation and Revolution<\/p><p>Rotation<\/p><p>&#8211; Rotation means Earth spinning on its axis.<br \/>&#8211; It takes approximately 24 hours.<br \/>&#8211; It causes day and night.<br \/>&#8211; Earth rotates from west to east.<\/p><p>Revolution<\/p><p>&#8211; Revolution means Earth orbiting the Sun.<br \/>&#8211; It takes approximately 365\u00bc days.<br \/>&#8211; Together with Earth\u2019s axial tilt, revolution produces the seasons.<\/p><p>Earth\u2019s axis is tilted approximately 23.5\u00b0 from the line perpendicular to its orbital plane.<\/p><p>Exam Point: Seasons occur mainly because of Earth\u2019s axial tilt and its revolution around the Sun. Earth\u2019s changing distance from the Sun alone does not determine the seasons.<\/p><p>10. The Moon<\/p><p>The Moon is Earth\u2019s natural satellite.<\/p><p>&#8211; Its average distance from Earth is approximately 384,400 kilometres.<br \/>&#8211; The Moon has no light of its own; it reflects sunlight.<br \/>&#8211; It takes approximately 27.3 days to orbit Earth once.<br \/>&#8211; It takes approximately the same time to rotate once on its axis.<br \/>&#8211; Therefore, we generally see the same side of the Moon from Earth.<\/p><p>Phases of the Moon<\/p><p>The phases occur because we see different portions of the Moon\u2019s sunlit half as it orbits Earth.<\/p><p>The main phases include:<\/p><p>&#8211; New Moon<br \/>&#8211; Waxing phases<br \/>&#8211; Full Moon<br \/>&#8211; Waning phases<\/p><p>The interval from one New Moon to the next is approximately 29.5 days.<\/p><p>Exam Point: The phases of the Moon are not caused by Earth\u2019s shadow.<\/p><p>11. Eclipses<\/p><p>Solar Eclipse<\/p><p>&#8211; Order of celestial bodies: Sun \u2192 Moon \u2192 Earth<br \/>&#8211; The Moon is located between the Sun and Earth.<br \/>&#8211; The Moon obscures the Sun.<br \/>&#8211; A solar eclipse can occur only during a New Moon.<\/p><p>Lunar Eclipse<\/p><p>&#8211; Order of celestial bodies: Sun \u2192 Earth \u2192 Moon<br \/>&#8211; Earth is located between the Sun and the Moon.<br \/>&#8211; The Moon enters Earth\u2019s shadow.<br \/>&#8211; A lunar eclipse can occur only during a Full Moon.<\/p><p>The Moon\u2019s orbital plane is tilted approximately 5\u00b0 relative to Earth\u2019s orbital plane around the Sun.<\/p><p>Therefore, eclipses do not occur during every New Moon or Full Moon.<\/p><p>12. Asteroids<\/p><p>Asteroids are rocky or metallic bodies, smaller than planets, that orbit the Sun.<\/p><p>&#8211; Most asteroids are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.<br \/>&#8211; This region is called the Main Asteroid Belt.<br \/>&#8211; Ceres is a dwarf planet located in the Main Asteroid Belt.<\/p><p>13. Comets<\/p><p>Comets are celestial bodies made of ice, dust and rocky material that orbit the Sun.<\/p><p>When comets approach the Sun, they release gas and dust. This produces a cloud around the nucleus and forms one or more tails.<\/p><p>Main Parts of a Comet<\/p><p>&#8211; Nucleus: The solid central body.<br \/>&#8211; Coma: The surrounding cloud of gas and dust.<br \/>&#8211; Tail: Material extending away from the comet.<\/p><p>Comet tails generally extend away from the Sun.<\/p><p>In particular, the ion tail points away from the Sun because of the solar wind.<\/p><p>Exam Point: The statement that a comet\u2019s tail always trails behind its direction of motion is incorrect.<\/p><p>14. Meteoroid, Meteor and Meteorite<\/p><p>Meteoroid<\/p><p>A meteoroid is a small rocky or metallic fragment travelling through space.<\/p><p>Meteor<\/p><p>A meteor is the streak of light produced when a meteoroid enters Earth\u2019s atmosphere.<\/p><p>It is commonly called a shooting star.<\/p><p>Meteorite<\/p><p>A meteorite is a fragment that survives its passage through the atmosphere and reaches Earth\u2019s surface.<\/p><p>Exam Point: A shooting star is not an actual star.<\/p><p>15. Dwarf Planets<\/p><p>For a celestial body in the Solar System to be classified as a planet, it must satisfy three main conditions:<\/p><p>1. It must orbit the Sun.<br \/>2. Its gravity must have made it nearly round.<br \/>3. It must have cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit through gravitational dominance.<\/p><p>Dwarf planets do not satisfy the third condition. They are also not natural satellites.<\/p><p>Pluto was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006.<\/p><p>Five Recognised Dwarf Planets<\/p><p>&#8211; Ceres<br \/>&#8211; Pluto<br \/>&#8211; Haumea<br \/>&#8211; Makemake<br \/>&#8211; Eris<\/p><p>16. Quick Revision<\/p><p>&#8211; Approximate age of the Universe: 13.8 billion years.<br \/>&#8211; Galaxy containing our Solar System: Milky Way.<br \/>&#8211; Nearest star to Earth: Sun.<br \/>&#8211; Number of planets in the Solar System: Eight.<br \/>&#8211; Planet closest to the Sun: Mercury.<br \/>&#8211; Largest planet: Jupiter.<br \/>&#8211; Smallest planet: Mercury.<br \/>&#8211; Planet with the highest average surface temperature: Venus.<br \/>&#8211; Planet known as the Red Planet: Mars.<br \/>&#8211; Planets without natural satellites: Mercury and Venus.<br \/>&#8211; Location of the Main Asteroid Belt: Between Mars and Jupiter.<br \/>&#8211; Light-year measures: Distance.<br \/>&#8211; Cause of day and night: Earth\u2019s rotation.<br \/>&#8211; Cause of seasons: Earth\u2019s axial tilt and revolution.<br \/>&#8211; Classification of Pluto: Dwarf planet.Paste \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd\u0baa\u0bcb\u0ba4\u0bc1 Ctrl + Shift + V \u0b85\u0bb2\u0bcd\u0bb2\u0ba4\u0bc1 Paste as plain text \u0baa\u0baf\u0ba9\u0bcd\u0baa\u0b9f\u0bc1\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1\u0b99\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bb3\u0bcd. \u0b87\u0ba4\u0ba9\u0bbe\u0bb2\u0bcd unwanted table formatting \u0bb5\u0bb0\u0bbe\u0ba4\u0bc1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-13754300952\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300952\" data-tab-index=\"2\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 2;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4272bda0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4272bda0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"e-n-tab-content-13754300953\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-tab-title-13754300953\" data-tab-index=\"3\" style=\"--n-tabs-title-order: 3;\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d64979b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d64979b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>General Science \u2013 Study Materials, PYQs &amp; Practice Nature of Universe General Scientific Laws Mechanics Read in English Nature of Universe \u00a0 \u0b87\u0ba4\u0bbf\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0b89\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3 \u0b85\u0ba9\u0bc8\u0ba4\u0bcd\u0ba4\u0bc1 tables-\u0b90\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bae\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bc0\u0b95\u0bcd\u0b95\u0bbf, \u0b95\u0bc0\u0bb4\u0bc7 mobile-friendly format-\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0bae\u0bbe\u0bb1\u0bcd\u0bb1\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bc1\u0bb3\u0bcd\u0bb3\u0bc7\u0ba9\u0bcd. \u0b87\u0ba4\u0bc8 Elementor Text Editor-\u0bb2\u0bcd \u0ba8\u0bc7\u0bb0\u0b9f\u0bbf\u0baf\u0bbe\u0b95 paste \u0b9a\u0bc6\u0baf\u0bcd\u0baf\u0bb2\u0bbe\u0bae\u0bcd. Nature of the Universe TNPSC General Science | Physics 1. What Is the Universe? The Universe includes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"page-builder","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_zipai_imported":false,"_zipai_import_id":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-26994","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_hostinger_reach_plugin_has_subscription_block":false,"_hostinger_reach_plugin_is_elementor":false,"spectra_blocks_featured_image_url":null,"spectra_blocks_author_info":{"display_name":"rudraedu2025@gmail.com","avatar_url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cc07449afa379543773d186bb6f3a2d0b74a4e13633eab650328df69e7667035?s=96&d=mm&r=g","author_link":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/author\/rudraedu2025gmail-com\/","description":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26994","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26994"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26994\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27004,"href":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/26994\/revisions\/27004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rudrastudies.com\/ta\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26994"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}